资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
中国足球转会“开窗”时间一推再推 中超联赛最早4月中下旬揭幕****** 中国足球转会“开窗”时间一推再推 中超联赛最早4月中下旬揭幕 北京时间2月1日,国际足联转会匹配系统TMS的更新信息显示,2023年度中国足球首期国际转会窗口延至2月20日开启,至4月10日关闭。如果这一安排不再调整,那么就意味着新赛季中超联赛最早于4月中下旬拉开帷幕。 去年年底,国际足联TMS系统曾显示,本年度首段中国足球国际转会窗口期于今年1月16日开启。但就在16日当天,TMS系统更新了相关信息,显示本次开窗时间将延至2月1日。而最新的开窗时间被进一步推延至2月20日。 一般来说,各协会开闭转会窗口的时间节点,都会围绕着本国(地区)联赛的竞赛计划来设定。如,转会窗开启时间一般会设在联赛开赛前1到2个月,而关闭时间则安排在联赛开赛前1到2周,从而方便各俱乐部在锁定新援后,获得必要的新援注册及阵容磨合时间。 需要说明的是,除非相关会员协会向FIFA提出特别开窗申请,否则各会员协会已在册球员(含外籍球员)在国内俱乐部之间完成转会,其转会手续也必须在国际足联批复的国际转会窗口期内落实。这也是部分中超俱乐部春节前后虽官宣引进新援,却没有完成球员注册与转会手续的原因。 TMS系统更新的信息显示,本年度中国足球首段国际转会窗口期将于2月20日开放,至4月10日关闭,这意味着新赛季中超联赛有望于4月中下旬开赛。在3月20日至28的国际比赛日中,中国男足将受邀与新西兰队进行两场热身。虽然到目前为止,国足新年首期集训计划尚未公布,但中国男足亚运代表队已明确本月进行新年首期集训,这两支国字号球队3月下旬都将出访新西兰,其球员都可以在结束国际比赛日后,在联赛开赛前及时返回各自俱乐部,有时间与球队进行磨合。 据北京青年报记者了解,中国足协、中足联筹备组近期也在加紧研究联赛相关问题。关于俱乐部欠薪清偿进展程度、新赛季各级联赛的参赛规模、各级联赛球员注册与转会办法将在接下来的一个月内得到明确。 TMS系统更新的信息还显示,中国足球本年度第二段转会窗口期,也就是所谓夏季转会窗将由7月1日延至8月1日开放,关闭时间为8月31日。结合国内足坛本年度转会冬窗开启时间两度被延后的事实,不排除开窗时间受不可抗力因素影响,被进一步推延的可能性。 延伸 杜兆才遗憾无缘连任FIFA理事 第33届亚足联会员代表大会于北京时间2月1日下午在巴林麦纳麦海湾会展中心召开。会议期间,亚足联按议程进行了新周期(2023年至2027年)换届选举。在备受中国足球界关注的国际足联理事会理事投票选举中,国家体育总局副局长、中国足协副主席杜兆才获得了18票,遗憾地在“7选5”的竞争中落选,无缘连任。韩国足协主席郑梦奎则连续两度落选。从亚足联领导层或决策层新一轮“洗牌”结果看来,亚洲足坛天平“西倾”的趋势尤为明显,中国足球在竞争外事话语权及参与各类国际竞争方面,将面临更为严峻的形势。 在7位候选人当中,有4人的当选其实在会议召开前就已经板上钉钉,这4人分别是日本足协主席田岛幸三、菲律宾足协主席阿拉内塔,以及两位参选新人卡塔尔足协主席塔尼和沙特足协主席梅沙尔。 这样一来,余下一个国际足联理事席位就在中国、韩国、马来西亚三国足协的代表中产生。马来西亚足协哈米丁虽然是首次参选,但其背景优势比较突出。此次竞选结果,对于中国足球而言无疑是一个巨大的遗憾。 当然,杜兆才未能连任,受到影响的恐怕不止是中国足球,还有东亚足球。在当选新周期国际足联理事会理事的6名成员中,来自东亚大区会员协会的仅有田岛幸三,余下5人中有3人来自西亚大区(包括自动当选国际足联理事会理事的亚足联主席萨尔曼)、2人来自东南亚大区。再结合连续3届亚洲杯确定在西亚大区会员协会国举办、亚冠联赛按西亚大区会员协会职业联赛竞赛办法调整为跨年赛制,不难看出,亚洲足坛的天平正逐步“西倾”。对中国足球和中国足协来说,面对现实并保持警惕之余,唯有全力提升自身硬实力并完善对外交流,才可能应对接下来更严峻的国际挑战。 本组文/本报记者 肖赧 统筹/王咏 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |