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来源：y39彩票网址2023-04-30 17:48

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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20余省份完成换届，这些正部级岗位迎来新人******

　　中新网北京1月18日电(记者阚枫)2023年省级地方两会接近尾声，换届之年的省级两会，人事议题颇受舆论关注。截至18日，已有20余省份已完成省级人大、政府、政协三套班子的换届，数十位官员在正部级岗位上履新。

资料图：内蒙古自治区十四届人大一次会议现场。韩卿立摄

　　10余省份省级人大常委会迎来新主任

　　按照惯例，除北京、上海、天津、重庆、广东、西藏、新疆外，其他24省份人大常委会主任均由省级党委书记兼任。

　　此次省级人大领导班子的换届中，截至18日，天津、河北、山西、内蒙古、辽宁、上海、浙江、福建、江西、重庆、四川、陕西、贵州、湖北、山东、新疆的省级人大主任出现变动。

　　这些省份中，河北、山西、内蒙古、辽宁、浙江、福建、江西、四川、陕西、贵州、湖北、山东去年新上任的党委主要负责人，纷纷获任当地省级人大常委会主任。

　　此外，在上海，董云虎当选上海市人大常委会主任，其此前任上海市政协主席；在天津，喻云林当选天津市人大常委会主任，其此前任天津市人大常委会副主任；在重庆，王炯当选重庆市人大常委会主任，其此前任重庆市政协主席；在新疆，祖木热提·吾布力当选新疆维吾尔自治区人大常委会主任，其此前任新疆维吾尔自治区党委常委、统战部部长。

资料图：黑龙江省第十四届人民代表大会第一次会议现场。邵国良摄

　　已有3位代省长“去代转正”

　　在省级政府方面，今年的省级人代会上，有4位代省(市)长作政府工作报告，他们分别是北京的殷勇、黑龙江的梁惠玲、陕西的赵刚、山西的金湘军。

　　去年10月以来，上述4地的省级人大常委会任命他们为代省(市)长，在北京，此前担任北京市委副书记的殷勇获任北京市代理市长，在陕西，此前担任陕西省委副书记、延安市委书记的赵刚获任陕西省代理省长，在黑龙江，此前担任中华全国供销合作总社党组副书记、理事会主任的梁惠玲获任黑龙江省代理省长，在山西，此前任天津市委副书记的金湘军获任山西省代理省长。

　　他们中，1969年8月出生的殷勇为目前31省份中最年轻的省级政府“一把手”，梁惠玲则是继内蒙古自治区主席王莉霞之后，目前31省份中第二位女性省级政府“一把手”。

　　在今年的省级地方两会上，截至18日，金湘军、梁惠玲、赵刚已经“去代转正”，当选为省长。